Sex And Reproduction

Reproduction and Sex in Invertebrates

Sexual Reproduction and the Evolution of Sex

People typically employ several arguments in their efforts to explain the prevalence of sexual reproduction. One such argument is that organisms engage in sex because it is pleasurable. However, from an evolutionary perspective, this explanation arrived only moments ago. The first eukaryotes to engage in sex were single-celled protists that appeared approximately 2 billion years ago, over 1.3 b...

Reproduction without sex: social and ethical implications.

The development of the technique of in vitro fertilization (IVF) helped to make it possible for a couple to reproduce, to have a child, without normal sexual intercourse. Indeed this is the main point of the procedure: for there are many couples, about one in seven, who encounter difficulties in having children through normal sexual intercourse. For them, IVF provides an alternative way of crea...

Effects of Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) Diet on Rat Reproduction and Sex Ratio of Offsprings

Background & Aims: Apple (Malus domestica Borkh. from Rosaceae family), a rich source of phytoestrogenes has not been thoroughly tested for its reproductive effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of apple diet on rats' reproduction. Method: Nine groups of NMRI rats (n= 10 females + 2 males) with different apple diets (free- apple diet and apple diet in every other day and every tow...

REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT BIOLOGY - Reproduction and Sex in Microorganisms - Jianping Xu ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems(EOLSS) REPRODUCTION AND SEX IN MICROORGANISMS